Count Egypt. The second most important route of bird migration in the world, where some 500 million birds pass through their lands annually (in the fall and spring seasons), including more than 37 types of wild birds (e.g. worry, eagles, hawks) threatened with extinction; migratory birds in Egypt, the second most important bird migration corridor in the world, face various threats resulting from urbanization and industrial expansion, and advanced strategies of fragmentation by the State.
The risks they face and the means to secure their routes are detailed below:
I. Threats and risks Migratory birds In Egypt, where migratory birds face multiple risks from human activities and environmental changes such as:
1. Wind power plants (confrontation): Big wind turbines, especially in the oil mountain area and the Soyce Bay, are a deadly threat, with birds, especially heavy buoy birds, crashing in turbines while flying.
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2. Invasive and illegal fishing: millions of birds (e.g. fat) are illegally caught in the north of Sinai and the northern coast, threatening species to extinct.
Three. Electricity transmission lines: electrocution or collision with high-pressure lines that intersect with flight routes, especially in the Soyce Bay area.
4. Loss and destruction of natural habitats: urbanization and tourism expansion and drying of wetlands (e.g. coastal lakes) reduces the rest and feeding of birds.
5. Pollution: oil pollution in the Red Sea and the Mediterranean affects marine birds, as well as pollution by insecticides, which deprives birds of their source of food.
6. Climate change: it affects migration times and patterns, which may cause a mismatch between bird arrival and food availability.
II. Means of securing migratory bird paths in Egypt. The Ministry of the Environment of Egypt, in cooperation with international partners (e.g. Birdlife International), is making efforts to secure pathways, notably:
1. The Shutdown on Demand project is one of the most successful solutions, where radars are used to control the movement of birds, and when large captors approach, wind turbines are temporarily suspended at the oil mountain stations.
2. Consolidation of birds in development sectors: Renewable energy companies are bound by bird protection mechanisms in contracts and budgets are allocated to support safety procedures.
Three. Removal of illegal fishing nets: intensification of security patrols, particularly in the Barlis and coastal areas reserve, to remove migratory birds ' nets.
4. Securing electricity lines: replacing or modifying upper electricity lines to prevent birds ' s rustling (e.g. securing the first 20 km in some areas as a first step).
5. Field observation and monitoring: experts to monitor bird species and numbers and document risks to provide scientific support to decision makers.
6. Bird watch tourism: promoting this kind of ecotourism, especially in Sharm el-Sheikh, to convert birds into a domestic source of income instead of fishing.
Largest protected areas and rest stations: Ra ' s Muhammad Reserve, a vital stop-point for buoy birds, Jabal al-Zit area and Suez Bay as a major centre for vegetation projects, Lake Albertas as an important water bird station, Nile Valley and South Aswan as rest zones
These actions are aimed at balancing the expansion of clean energy projects with biodiversity conservation, according to risk assessment 2024
And Emily is the most prominent species of endangered migratory birds currently passing through Egypt?
Egypt hosts 37 species of wild birds, including five major species globally classified in the red lists of endangered species.
And Villy is the most notorious species threatened by cross-borrowing.
Apo Mangel Al-Qal ' bald (NAK): The most threatening, a very rare bird that crosses Egyptian airspace on limited flights,
Egyptian shell (Egyptian publication): a small, wounded bird with historical status in ancient Egyptians, currently facing a severe risk of poisoning and habitat degradation, and a royal punishment in eastern Egypt.
The King of the Aqabas is a mega-bird that crosses Egypt every year and is classified as endangered by fishing and loss of breeding areas.
(Lower punishment): passes through Egypt during the autumn and spring seasons, which is a very sensitive species of environmental changes in its migration path, deer deer.
(free hawk): Double threats in Egypt are faced because of its high value in fishing with hawks, leading to its continued exposure to poaching and other types of importance for global conservation:
In addition to the five adults, there are species in large numbers and subject to severe control: the punishment of habeas: through Egypt (particularly Mount Her Majesty) about 90% of its global population, which is classified as a threatened species.
Large white swan: it is often found in rest areas such as Lake Nasser and is classified as endangered species in some bio bands.
The carer is an internationally threatened water bird, often in the fishing nets on the coast of the Mediterranean.
In conclusion.
The protection of migratory birds is not merely environmental action, but rather the need to sustain biodiversity and revitalize ecotourism (bird watch tourism), which is an important economic resource, with the need to balance renewable energy projects and preserve birds.
In the words: A.D. Hamad Kamel Ahmed-Assir Al-Nawa al-Hassan, founder of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Magistrature, Environmental Development, Superintendent of the Wildlife and Zooid Department, member of the Scientific and Administrative Committee of the Saites Convention, International Expert on Wildlife, Natural Protectories and Biological Diversity of the University of Morocco.
